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What is AN603?

This electronic component, produced by the manufacturer "Solutions Cubed", performs the same function as "Operating ICON H-Bridges in Parallel".


AN603 Datasheet PDF - Solutions Cubed

Part Number AN603
Description Operating ICON H-Bridges in Parallel
Manufacturers Solutions Cubed 
Logo Solutions Cubed Logo 


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AN603: Operating ICON H-Bridges in Parallel
1
Overview:
There may be instances where the 12A continuous current handling capability of the ICON H-
Bridge is not adequate for a specific application. For higher current applications there are at least
two options that can be implemented to allow the ICON H-Bridge to meet the needs of the design.
The first option is to increase the power dissipating capability of your system. This can most
easily be accomplished by increasing the forced airflow over the ICON H-Bridge with a high-
speed, high-volume, fan. But even with increased airflow the ICON H-Bridge will probably not be
capable of continuously handling more than 20A of continuous current due to the size of the
ICON H-Bridge PCB.
The second option is to operate multiple ICON H-Bridges in parallel. The N-channel MOSFETs
that make up the H-bridges can efficiently share current, thus increasing the overall current
handling capability of your system. In addition, the number of control lines required to interface to
each of the MOSFETs is not increased since these control lines may also be paralleled. In this
application note a single PIC16F873 (Microchip) microcontroller was used to control four ICON H-
Bridge modules.
An analog-to-digital converter (ADC, internal to the PIC16F873) was used to establish a pulse-
width-modulation duty-cycle (PWM, also internal to the PIC16F873) to control four ICON H-Bridge
modules connected in parallel. The system was configured for unidirectional speed control and
was tested at 24V with a resistive load of 0.389. A custom PCB was designed to carry the four
ICON H-Bridge modules and the control circuitry. In testing, this design was able to deliver 48A
of continuous current to the load at a 98% duty cycle (roughly 900W) for several hours.
H-Bridge Configuration:
The ICON H-Bridge modules were configured to operate in “direct drive” mode for this application
note. All other settings in the ICON H-Bridges were left in their default state (as described in
ICON H-Bridge datasheet). A single ICON Interface Module was used to program the ICON H-
Bridges for direct drive mode using the ICON Interface Module control software available at the
www.solutions-cubed.com web site.
In direct drive mode the serial DIN line of each H-bridge becomes the /ENABLE line. Driving this
line to 0V turns on the H-bridge, and enables the H-bridge control lines (HI-A, LO-B, HI-B, and
LO-A) to actively control the MOSFETs on all four H-Bridges. Additionally, direct drive mode
www.DataSheet4cUo.cnovmerts the DOUT line from a serial output to a STATUS line. When this line is at a logic high
(+5V) the H-bridge is disabled. A logic low indicates that the H-bridge is enabled.
Figure 1: Direct Drive Mode Control Signals
HI-B
LO-A
HI-A
LO-B
DIN OFF ON
OFF ON
FORWARD
enable high side
enable high side
PWM
PWM
REVERSE
DIN controls H-bridge
DOUT
FAULT
DOUT mirrors H-bridge state except for fault condition
DIRECT DRIVE MODE CONTROL SIGNALS
ICON DC Motor Control System - Solutions Cubed
www.solutions-cubed.com

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AN603 equivalent
AN603: Operating ICON H-Bridges in Parallel
5
Additional Hardware Information:
DIP Switch – This component (labeled SW1 on the PCB and schematic) is used to set some
operating parameters in this application. This part is a dual surface mount DIP switch. Switch
one on the dual DIP switch selects between single or quad H-bridge operation. Switch two can
be used to disable or enable the H-bridges that are selected with switch one.
Switch
Switch 1
Switch 2
Figure 6: Dual DIP Switch (SW1) Settings
ON OFF
Only H-bridge 1 is operational H-bridges 1, 2, 3, and 4 are
operational
H-bridge operation enabled H-bridge operation disabled
If a fault condition occurs when operating in direct drive mode the only way to clear the fault is by
disabling the H-bridge with a fault and then re-enabling it. This can be done with switch 2. When
an H-bridge is enabled the green indicator LED associated with it will be lit. When the H-bridge is
disabled the red status LED is lit. If a fault condition has occurred both LEDs will be lit.
Serial Communication Link - A serial communication link was used in this application note to send
speed and H-bridge status data to an ASCII terminal. The hardware is connected for bi-
directional communication but this application note only supports sending data. The serial data is
configured for 38.4KBPS, 8N1, TTL level, true data. An ICON Adapter Board is connected to
component J2 via a ribbon cable and is used to provide the analog control signal and to convert
the TTL serial data to RS232 levels.
LED Indicators – As previously mentioned each ICON H-Bridge module has a set of indicator
LEDs associated with it. When an H-bridge is enabled the green indicator LED will be lit. When
disabled the red LED is lit. If an over-current or over-temperature fault occurs then both LEDs will
be lit. There is one hardware consideration associated with the red status LEDs. The ICON H-
Bridge modules have a pseudo open-collector output. When the ICON H-Bridge outputs 5V it is
actually configuring its output pin as an input, and the line is pulled to 5V with a 2.2Kresistor.
This has the effect of creating a voltage divider between the 2.2Kresistor on the H-bridge, the
status LED, and the 1.0Kresistor associated with the LED. The output voltage due to this
relationship is closer to 3V than 5V. In systems where this could have an adverse effect the
status LED and 1.0Kresistor should be omitted.
www.DataSheet4U.com
Firmware:
The firmware used in this application note was generated using the CCS, Inc. PIC C compiler.
The code is pretty straightforward and provides analog control of a unidirectional DC motor.
Essentially the PIC16F873 regularly checks a DIP switch with two switches. These switch
settings determine first if any ICON H-Bridge modules should be enabled. Secondly, they are
used to determine whether all H-bridges (1,2,3 and 4) should be enabled or whether only H-
bridge1 should be enabled. The function that checks the state of the switches is also responsible
for reading the status inputs from each H-bridge to determine if a fault has occurred. If a fault has
occurred a flag is set for the H-bridge experiencing the fault condition.
After the status of the H-bridges are determined the program will read the 10 bit ADC and move
that value to the PWM register used to drive the low side MOSFET (LO-B). If the ADC reads 0
then the high side MOSFET (HI-A) is turned off. The analog input should range from 0-4.096V.
Finally, a serial data interface (38.4KBPS, 8N1, TTL level) sends the H-bridge status information
and the PWM settings (as a percentage). This information can be read with a terminal program
once the TTL level data is converted to RS232 levels.
ICON DC Motor Control System - Solutions Cubed
www.solutions-cubed.com


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